Bulla Regia
R. J. A. Wilson
A town in the Bagradas valley in North Africa. A large building of c.100/80 bce, a defensive circuit, and burials bear witness to the Numidian period (see numidia), when it was a royal ...
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Caesaraugusta
Simon J. Keay
Caesaraugusta (mod. Zaragoza), in NE central Spain. An Augustan colonia and early mint with rectangular layout (895m.×513m.: 979×561 yds.) and settled by *veterans of the Cantabrian Wars (IV, VI, ...
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Caesarea (1) of Cappadocia
Arnold Hugh Martin Jones, George Ewart Bean, and Stephen Mitchell
Caesarea (1) of Cappadocia (formerly Mazaca, mod. Kayseri) was created by *Cappadocian kings to be their capital. The *philhellene*Ariarathes V gave it a Greek constitution (the laws of *Charondas) ...
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Caesarea (3), capital city of Mauretania Caesariensis
T. W. Potter
Caesarea (3), mod. Cherchel, on the coast of Algeria. Probably founded as a Punic trading-station, known as Iol, the oldest finds date to c.500 bce. Defences were constructed towards the end of the ...
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Calleva Atrebatum
Courtenay Edward Stevens and Martin Millett
Calleva Atrebatum, mod. Silchester, on the Hampshire–Berkshire border. The Roman town was civitas-capital of the *Atrebates (2) and succeeded an enclosed iron age oppidum. This was founded in the 1st ...
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Campus Martius
Ian Archibald Richmond, John North, and John Patterson
Comprised most of the Tiber flood-plain bounded by the Pincian, Quirinal, and Capitoline hills. Taking its name from an altar to Mars, it was originally pasture outside the *pomerium, and therefore ...
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Camulodunum
Courtenay Edward Stevens and Martin Millett
Camulodunum (mod. Colchester, Essex). A large area, including the site of the later town, comprised an iron age *oppidum from the Augustan period. It was surrounded by substantial ...
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Capitol/Capitolium
Albert William van Buren, Ian Archibald Richmond, John North, and John Patterson
Capitol, Capitolium, or mons Capitolinus, the smallest of the *Seven hills of Rome: an isolated mass with two peaks, conventionally known as Capitolium proper and Arx. Legend associated the hill with ...
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carpentry, Roman
Jean-Pierre Adam
The skilled work of the Roman carpenter (lignarius or tignarius faber) was essential to the construction of domestic and public buildings, creation of machines and structures for military ...
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