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Carmen Priami (‘The Song of Priam’), a poem in *Saturnian verse, of which *Varro, Ling. 7. 28 quotes one line; an archaizing composition, apparently written after and in reaction to *Ennius' Annals.

Carmen Saliare or Carmina Saliaria, the ancient hymn(s) of the *Salii in *Saturnian verse, unintelligible (Hor. Epist. 2. 1. 85–6; Quint. Inst. 1. 6. 40) despite commentaries by L. *Aelius and others; the few fragments, already corrupt in antiquity, mostly illustrate obsolete diction (e.g. intervocalic s [z] = classical r). As transmitted, they include (fr. 1) the syncopated imperative cante ‘sing’ ( = canite) and the title diuom deo ‘god of gods’ for Janus, (fr. 2) the unchanged Indo-European form tremonti (they) tremble’ ( = tremunt, cf. Doric Greek -οντι) and the name Leucesios (or Lucetius: Macrob. Sat. 1. 15. 14) (god) of light’ for Jupiter; but text and interpretation remain speculative and controversial (one theory derives them from a misunderstood commentary).

Lucius Augustanrhetor Cestius Pius, from *Smyrna. He is frequently cited by the elder *Seneca, who comments on his outspoken wit. He was once flogged by Cicero's son (M. *Tullius Cicero (2)) for slandering the orator, to some of whose speeches he wrote replies.

Flavius Charisius (late 4th cent. ce), compiled an Ars grammatica in five books (ed. K. Barwick, 1925), juxtaposing passages of basic school grammar with excerpts from more learned sources (e.g. *Remmius Palaemon, *Iulius Romanus): these borrowings both provide copious evidence for the earlier grammatical tradition and contain numerous fragments of early Latin authors. Bk. 1 (defective at the beginning) and bk. 2 survey the constituent elements of grammar (de voce, de litteris, etc. ) and the parts of speech; bk. 3 deals with conjugation, bk. 4 (lacunose) with style and metre. Bk. 5, which dealt with the differences between Latin and Greek forms and constructions, is largely lost. See grammar, grammarians, latin.

A poem from the *Appendix Vergiliana. It is generally thought to be un-Virgilian; it contains many echoes of *Virgil and *Ovid. Its story is that of *Scylla (2), daughter of *Nisus (1), king of *Megara, who was metamorphosed into the ciris bird; the identity of this bird is not explained, but the name alludes (see l. 488) to Scylla's severing of Nisus’ magic lock (Greek keirein), an action which betrayed Megara to the attacking *Minos with whom Scylla had fallen in love. In style and narrative technique the poem is heavily neoteric, and besides many visible imitations of *Catullus 64, it probably extensively imitates C. *Helvius Cinna's Smyrna and other neoteric poems.

Augustan lexicographer and antiquarian who wrote on the meanings of Greek words and on Latin words derived from Greek. He is probably the ‘Cloatius’ whom *Verrius Flaccus cites (with L. *Aelius) on Latin sacral terms.