embatērion
The ἐμβατήριον was properly a marching-tune (Polyb. 4. 20. 12). Hence it was also a marching-song, such as the Spartans sang when under arms (Ath. 630 f; schol. Dion. Thrax 450. 27), like ...
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embryology
J. T. Vallance
Several barely intelligible accounts of animal reproduction (and in particular of the origins and development of the human embryo) are preserved amongst the fragments of the Presocratic philosophers. ...
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Empiricists
Marquis Berrey
Empiricists were a self-identified medical sect of the Hellenistic and Imperial periods who shared a common experiential methodology about the purpose and practice of medicine. Denigrating ...
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Erasistratus
Heinrich von Staden
Erasistratus of Iulis on *Ceos (about 315–240 bce?) is the only scientist other than *Herophilus to whom ancient sources attribute systematic scientific dissections of human cadavers. *Cornelius ...
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Erotian
J. T. Vallance
Grammarian and author of the most famous Hippocratic lexicon of antiquity. Lived in the 1st cent.
Euctemon, astronomer
G. J. Toomer and Alexander Jones
Observed the summer solstice at Athens, together with *Meton, in 432 bce (Ptol. Alm. 3. 1). He is also associated with the Metonic nineteen-year luni-solar cycle. He composed a παράπηγμα, ...
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Eudoxus (1), of Cnidus, mathematician
G. J. Toomer and Alexander Jones
Eudoxus of *Cnidus, (c.390–c. 340 bce) was an outstanding mathematician and did important work in *astronomy and geography; he was versatile in ‘philosophy’ in general. According to the not entirely ...
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Eustochius
Eustochius, of *Alexandria (1), physician, became a pupil of *Plotinus in Plotinus' old age (Porph. Plot.7) (prob. c.270
experiment
Geoffrey Lloyd
Greek and Roman scientists did not refer directly to the experimental method. However, in a variety of contexts they described testing procedures that were clearly deliberate investigations designed ...
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Galen, of Pergamum, 129–216 CE
Ludwig Edelstein and V. Nutton
In a spectacular career rose from gladiator physician in Asia Minor to court physician in the Rome of
Marcus *Aurelius
...
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Gargilius Martialis, Quintus, early to mid-3rd cent. CE
M. Stephen Spurr
Quintus Gargilius Martialis was famed for his work on *gardens (Serv. on G. 4. 147; Cassiod.Inst. 1. 28. 5). Part of the De hortis is extant, while two other fragments, on the medical properties of ...
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Gaudentius, c. 4th cent. CE
Andrew Barker
His Introduction to Harmonics contains an intriguing preface, a series of Aristoxenian propositions (1–9, 17–19; see aristoxenus) arranged around and qualified by Pythagorean doctrine ...
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geocentricity
G. J. Toomer
The theory that the earth lies at the centre of the universe belongs to Greek scientific astronomy and should not be attributed to earlier thinkers such as Anaximander or Pythagoras in the 6th cent. ...
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